Hernias can be defined as swellings on the skin surface as a result of abdominal contents breaching the abdominal wall. A hernia is classically made up of a neck which fans out to form the body that holds the protruding contents within the sac as whole. Generally, most contain intestines even though they could also contain the stomach or other abdominal organs. These are some of the basic principles on hernia Valley Stream NY residents may be interested in.
These protrusions can be classified based on different factors. For instance, they can be reducible or irreducible. Reducible hernias are more prominent when the patient coughs and when they are standing. They, however, retract when one lies down or manual reduction is attempted. Irreducible hernias, on the other hand, show neither spontaneous nor manual reduction. These are more dangerous because they can easily get twisted and interfere with circulation.
When blood supply to the contents of the hernia is compromised, it is said to be strangulated. This is bound to happen if the protrusion is irreducible and when the neck is extremely narrow. Ultimately, the tissues within the sac permanently become dysfunctional if the strangulation is not reversed in time. Pain is often the first sign that a hernia could be strangulated.
When a hernia is described as obstructed, particularly one containing intestines, it means that bowel contents can no longer pass down the canal with ease. The affected patient will complain of frequent bouts of vomiting and difficulty in passing stool. The examiner will also note that the abdomen is distended and peristalsis may be visible from the skin surface. This needs to be addressed urgently otherwise it can lead to perforation and further widespread damage.
Hernias can also be classified based on their location in the body. Groin hernias can be inguinal or femoral. The inguinal type can further be described as being direct and indirect. This type is by far the commonest. The femoral type tends to occur more in women than men. Other types include diaphragmatic, umbilical and esophageal.
Predisposing factors to herniation include weight lifting, pregnancy, obesity, straining on defecation and urination, among other factors. Common among all these factors is the fact that they all result in an increase in abdominal pressure which makes the wall to easily break down. People whose diet is poor in high fiber are highly susceptible to constipation, so are those who are fluid deprived. In addition, obstruction of the urinary tract just below the bladder is likely to cause strained urination.
Some hernias happen in the absence of any of the aforementioned predispositions. These are probably due to an underlying disorder of connective tissues in that region. They commonly happen among children, who are diagnosed with umbilical hernias. Fortunately, these tend to disappear on their own with time.
Management of hernias involves incision of the sac and return of contents back to their rightful place in the abdominal cavity, after which the defect is corrected using a special patch, much stronger than the original tissue. This greatly reduces the risk of the the problem recurring. The whole procedure is called herniorraphy and is usually done when the patient is fully anaesthetized.
These protrusions can be classified based on different factors. For instance, they can be reducible or irreducible. Reducible hernias are more prominent when the patient coughs and when they are standing. They, however, retract when one lies down or manual reduction is attempted. Irreducible hernias, on the other hand, show neither spontaneous nor manual reduction. These are more dangerous because they can easily get twisted and interfere with circulation.
When blood supply to the contents of the hernia is compromised, it is said to be strangulated. This is bound to happen if the protrusion is irreducible and when the neck is extremely narrow. Ultimately, the tissues within the sac permanently become dysfunctional if the strangulation is not reversed in time. Pain is often the first sign that a hernia could be strangulated.
When a hernia is described as obstructed, particularly one containing intestines, it means that bowel contents can no longer pass down the canal with ease. The affected patient will complain of frequent bouts of vomiting and difficulty in passing stool. The examiner will also note that the abdomen is distended and peristalsis may be visible from the skin surface. This needs to be addressed urgently otherwise it can lead to perforation and further widespread damage.
Hernias can also be classified based on their location in the body. Groin hernias can be inguinal or femoral. The inguinal type can further be described as being direct and indirect. This type is by far the commonest. The femoral type tends to occur more in women than men. Other types include diaphragmatic, umbilical and esophageal.
Predisposing factors to herniation include weight lifting, pregnancy, obesity, straining on defecation and urination, among other factors. Common among all these factors is the fact that they all result in an increase in abdominal pressure which makes the wall to easily break down. People whose diet is poor in high fiber are highly susceptible to constipation, so are those who are fluid deprived. In addition, obstruction of the urinary tract just below the bladder is likely to cause strained urination.
Some hernias happen in the absence of any of the aforementioned predispositions. These are probably due to an underlying disorder of connective tissues in that region. They commonly happen among children, who are diagnosed with umbilical hernias. Fortunately, these tend to disappear on their own with time.
Management of hernias involves incision of the sac and return of contents back to their rightful place in the abdominal cavity, after which the defect is corrected using a special patch, much stronger than the original tissue. This greatly reduces the risk of the the problem recurring. The whole procedure is called herniorraphy and is usually done when the patient is fully anaesthetized.
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